A Story for Relating to Accounting Basics
Temel muhasebeyi yeni bir işe başlayan birinin hikayesiyle sunacağız. Bu kişi Joe Perez - toplumunun paket teslimat servisi ihtiyaçlarını gören akıllı bir adamdır. Joe bu fikrini araştırdı ve yeni işinin uygulanabilirliğini belgeleyen iş planı hazırladı.
Joe aynı zamanda bir avukat ile iş formu kullanabilmesini görüşmek için buluştu. Joe' nin özel durumu göz önüne alındığında, iyi bir şirket olacağı sonucuna vardılar. Joe şirketinin isminin Direct Delicery A.Ş. olacağına karar verdi. Avukatı yeni şirketi için gerekli olacak ruhsatlar ve devlet kimlik numaraları önerdi.
Joe çalışkan ve akıllı bir adamdır. Fakat muhasebe konularında iyi olmadığını kabul eder. O bazı muhasebe yazılımlarını kullanacağını varsayar, fakat seçim yapmadan önce profesyonel bir muhasebeciyle görüşmek ister. Joe muhasebe kökenli olmayan birine muhasebe anlatan yetenekli profesyonel bir muhasebeci tavsiyesi için bankacısına sorar. Joe mali tabloları anlamak ve yeni işini en üstte tutmak ister. Bankacısı, bankanın küçük işletme müşterilerine çok yardımcı olan Muhasebeci Marilyn' i önerir.
Joe, Marilyn ile ilk görüşmesinde muhasebeye genel bir bakış için ona, mali tabloları ve ihtiyacı olan muhasebe yazılımını sorar. Joe'nin iş planına dayalı olarak, Marilyn her yıl muhtemelen binlerce işlemin olacağını görür. O, muhasebe yazılımlarının elektronik kayıt, depolama ve çok fazla bilginin bulunup çıkarılmasına imkan verdiğini belirtir. Muhasebe yazılımı Joe' nin işini idare etmek için ihtiyacı olan mali tabloları ve diğer raporları oluşturmasına izin verecektir.
Joe, bu vadeli işlemden dolayı kafası karışık görünür, bu yüzden Marilyn ona Direct Delivery A.Ş. kaydı için gerekecek beş örnek işlem verir:
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We will present the basics of accounting through a story of a person starting a new business. The person is Joe Perez–a savvy man who sees the need for a parcel delivery service in his community. Joe has researched his idea and has prepared a business plan that documents the viability of his new business.
Joe has also met with an attorney to discuss the form of business he should use. Given his specific situation, they concluded that a corporation will be best. Joe decides that the name for his corporation will be Direct Delivery, Inc. The attorney also advises Joe on the various permits and government identification numbers that will be needed for the new corporation.
Joe is a hard worker and a smart man, but admits he is not comfortable with matters of accounting. He assumes he will use some accounting software, but wants to meet with a professional accountant before making his selection. He asks his banker to recommend a professional accountant who is also skilled in explaining accounting to someone without an accounting background. Joe wants to understand the financial statements and wants to keep on top of his new business. His banker recommends Marilyn, an accountant who has helped many of the bank's small business customers.
At his first meeting with Marilyn, Joe asks her for an overview of accounting, financial statements, and the need for accounting software. Based on Joe's business plan, Marilyn sees that there will likely be thousands of transactions each year. She states that accounting software will allow for the electronic recording, storing, and retrieval of those many transactions. Accounting software will permit Joe to generate the financial statements and other reports that he will need for running his business.
Joe seems puzzled by the term transaction, so Marilyn gives him five examples of transactions that Direct Delivery, Inc. will need to record:
With thousands of such transactions in a given year, Joe is smart to start using accounting software right from the beginning. Accounting software will generate sales invoices and accounting entries simultaneously, prepare statements for customers with no additional work, write checks, automatically update accounting records, etc.By getting into the habit of entering all of the day's business transactions into his computer, Joe will be rewarded with fast and easy access to the specific information he will need to make sound business decisions. Marilyn tells Joe that accounting's "transaction approach" is useful, reliable, and informative. She has worked with other small business owners who think it is enough to simply "know" their company made $30,000 during the year (based only on the fact that it owns $30,000 more than it did on January 1). Those are the people who start off on the wrong foot and end up in Marilyn's office looking for financial advice.If Joe enters all of Direct Delivery's transactions into his computer, good accounting software will allow Joe to print out his financial statements with a click of a button. In Parts 2 through 7 Marilyn will explain the content and purpose of the three main financial statements:
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